Stephen R. Howe Jr. served as U.S. Chairman of Ernst & Young from 2012 to 2018 and as U.S. Managing Partner and Americas Area Managing Partner from 2006 to 2018, and was a member of EY's Global Executive Board from 2006 until his retirement in 2018, directing strategy and operations for a business of over 75,000 people. Since 2019 he has been a member of the Board of Directors of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd, where he chairs the Audit Committee and serves on the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. He is also a member of the Board of the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Liberty Science Center, and was previously a director of Colgate University, Carnegie Hall, the Center for Audit Quality, and the Financial Accounting Foundation.