This morning, I know you are eager to get into the underlying details of our revised financial outlook, which we will do. John Rex will discuss financial performance and the elements affecting our outlook, and I'll come back with some closing thoughts, and then we'll have ample time for questions and answers. The primary driver of the UnitedHealthcare earnings shortfall for 2025 is that our pricing assumptions were well short of actual medical costs. Our current view for 2025 reflects $6.5 billion more in medical costs than we anticipated in our initial outlook.

In addition to trend-driven issues, the updated 2025 outlook removes about $1 billion from previously planned portfolio actions that we are no longer pursuing. We also believe we can resolve our current issues and recapture our earnings growth potential. On trends specifically, the increase in care activity across individual and group Medicare Advantage we saw earlier this year has now affected complex populations and our Medicare supplement business as well. However, inpatient utilization has accelerated through Q2, and we expect will comprise a relatively larger portion of the pressure over the full year.

In the ACA business, the revenue impact resulting from a difference between the morbidity that we price for and what we experienced is the primary cause of our underperformance. Their trend is approaching 11%, which is approximately 100 basis points higher than our initial expectations. Beyond these segment-specific factors, there are other broad drivers of higher medical cost. There has been a marked increase in healthcare cost due in part to increases in service intensity per encounter.

What went well
  • Second-quarter revenues were nearly $112 billion, up 13% year-over-year, with growth across both UnitedHealthcare and Optum.
  • Optum Rx revenues grew 19% to $38.5 billion and total adjusted scripts rose to 414 million from 399 million a year earlier.
  • Optum Insight revenues increased 6% to $4.8 billion, with a contract revenue backlog of $32.1 billion.
  • A new leadership team was installed across Optum (Roger Connor, Krista Nelson, Dhivya Suryadevara, John Prince) to drive improved execution.
  • The dividend was increased 5% in June.
  • The most mature value-based care cohorts (2021 and prior) are operating at 8%+ margins and Optum Health services businesses at roughly 10% margins, supporting the long-term case.
What went wrong
  • Adjusted EPS of $4.08 fell below the prior-year period and included about $1.2 billion of discrete items.
  • The full-year 2025 outlook was cut to at least $16 adjusted EPS, with the medical care ratio midpoint raised from 86.5% to 89.25%.
  • UnitedHealthcare absorbed roughly $6.5 billion more in medical costs than anticipated (~$3.6 billion Medicare, ~$2.3 billion commercial, the remainder Medicaid).
  • Optum Health earnings are running approximately $6.6 billion below expectations, with value-based care margins compressed to about 1% versus over 3% in 2024 and nearly 5% in 2023.
  • Medical trends spiked well above pricing: MA now ~7.5% versus an initial ~5% assumption, MedSupp over 11%, and Medicaid behavioral trend around 20%.
  • The Optum Health long-term margin target was lowered to 6%-8%, and the company will exit MA plans serving over 600,000 members for 2026.

Guidance Changes

MetricPeriodCurrent guidance
Adjusted EPSFY2025at least $16 (lowered)
RevenuesFY2025approaching $448 billion (+11%)
Medical care ratioFY202589.25% ±25 bps (raised)
Effective tax rateFY2025~18.5%
Cash flow from operationsFY2025~$16 billion (1.1x net income)
MA medical cost trendFY2025~7.5% (raised)
MA pricing trendFY2026approaching 10%
Optum Health long-term marginlong-term6%-8% (lowered)
2026 earnings growthFY2026solid but moderate, accelerating in 2027

Performance Breakdown

MetricYoYNote
Revenues +13% to nearly $112 billion growth across UnitedHealthcare and Optum
Adjusted EPS $4.08, below prior year pricing and medical cost trend factors at UnitedHealthcare and Optum Health plus ~$1.2 billion of discrete items
UnitedHealthcare operating earnings -$1.9 billion to $2.1 billion medical trend factors including a ~$600 million ACA premium deficiency reserve
Optum Health revenues -$1.8 billion to $25.2 billion prior contract adjustments and Medicare funding reductions
Optum Rx revenues +19% to $38.5 billion new customer adds and continued specialty product contribution
Optum Insight revenues +6% to $4.8 billion post-cyber customer recovery, pacing slower than expected

Earnings Call Themes & Trends

TopicPrevious mentionCurrent periodTrend
Medical cost trend~5% MA assumption at bid~7.5% MA, over 11% MedSupp, ~20% Medicaid behavioralSharply elevated
Optum Health value-based caregrowth focus$6.6 billion below plan; refocus to original intent; 6%-8% targetReset
Pricing and margin recovery2026 priced at ~10% MA trend with intense margin-recovery focusCorrective
Leadership and culture reformextensive management changes, humility, transparency, independent reviews (Analysis Group, FTI)Overhaul
Capital and M&Abalanced capital use, pending Amedisys, 5% dividend increaseCautious
V28 risk-model transitionestimated $11 billion three-year headwind, ~$4 billion remaining in 2026 with about half to be offsetHeadwind

Q&A Summary

Does UHC repricing trickle down to Optum Health, and are outside plans pricing for reasonable margins? (A.J. Rice, UBS)
Patrick Conway said payer repricing flows into Optum's capitation rates as a 2026 tailwind versus this year's headwind; combined with benefit reductions it mitigates about half of the ~$4 billion 2026 V28 headwind, with operating cost cuts and cohort engagement covering the rest, keeping VBC margins around 1% into 2026.
What is the run rate out of 2025 into 2026 and where are MA margins? (Justin Lake, Wolfe Research)
John Rex confirmed the second-half math and stressed that 80% of premium reprices on January 1; Bobby Hunter said broad UHC Medicare should land around 2%-2.5% in 2025, expanding to 2.5%-3% in 2026 and reaching the midpoint by 2027.
Is the 13%-16% long-term EPS growth rate intact, and are segment margin targets updated? (Josh Raskin, Nephron)
Hemsley said the long-term growth framework remains intact and expects a pace back to low-double-digit growth; Tim Noel explained the MA target moved from 3%-5% to 2%-4% purely on IRA revenue mechanics, with commercial 7%-9% targeted for 2027.
What drives value-based care back to a 5% margin beyond 2026? (Stephen Baxter, Wells Fargo)
Patrick Conway pointed to cohort maturation (years 1-2 negative, years 3-4 at 2%, year 5+ at 8%+) and a portfolio shift so that early cohorts fall to 25%-30% and mature cohorts rise above 40% of the book, plus services businesses at roughly 10% margins.
Will 2026 require incremental investment, and what are the returns and timeline? (Lisa Gill, JPMorgan)
Hemsley cited meaningful cost opportunities alongside underinvested areas, particularly Optum Insight products, the fintech agenda and AI, with Dhivya Suryadevara highlighting AI-powered RCM and coordination-of-benefits launches; benefits are expected to build through 2027-2028.
How do the Medicare Advantage retail, group and SNP populations compare on margin recovery? (Andrew Mok, Barclays)
Bobby Hunter reiterated ~2%-2.5% overall MA margins in 2025 expanding to 2.5%-3% in 2026, with group under the most trend pressure but repriceable, retail and SNP performing in line, and about 600,000+ members (mostly PPO) being exited to advance margins.

More on Unitedhealth Group Inc

Reported 2025-07-29 · figures from the Unitedhealth Group Inc Q2 2025 earnings call.

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